EU Inc. is the proposed pan-European company form (COM/2026/321), not yet law. Below is the full comparison set: every common European company form, plus Estonian OÜ (because of e-Residency), the existing Societas Europaea (because it is the closest historical parallel), and the US LLC (because it sits at the other extreme). For a plain-English explainer of EU Inc., see What is EU Inc..
Pick your comparison
- EU Inc. vs Dutch BV. The default for international startups today, and the most common conversion source.
- EU Inc. vs German GmbH. The largest European company form by count, with €25,000 minimum capital and notary requirement.
- EU Inc. vs French SAS. The form most French startups use for its governance flexibility.
- EU Inc. vs UK Ltd. Outside the EU now, but still relevant for groups with UK presence.
- EU Inc. vs Estonian OÜ. The digital-first national entity that most resembles what EU Inc. promises.
- EU Inc. vs Societas Europaea (SE). The 2004 attempt at a European company form, mostly used by very large companies.
- EU Inc. vs US LLC (Delaware). The non-EU benchmark European founders are most often offered as an alternative.
How to choose
Three questions tell you which comparison is most relevant. First: where are your team and decision-makers actually located? That determines your most realistic national alternative. Second: is most of your revenue and most of your headcount in one country, or spread across several? Cross-border distribution is what makes EU Inc. interesting. Third: have you incorporated yet? For greenfield setups the calculus is different from conversion of an existing entity.
Each comparison page is structured the same way. If you read one, the others are quick to skim. The tables use the same dimensions across pages so you can compare any two national forms by reading their EU Inc. comparisons in turn.
Sources
- EU Inc. proposal: COM/2026/321.
- National company form data is sourced from each member state's chamber of commerce or registry. See each comparison page for specific links.
- Full source list on Sources.